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Learn how to redirect non-www to www in Apache over HTTPS with this clear, beginner-friendly guide. Ideal for developers and website owners using Linux or VirtualBox servers.
If you’re running your website on an Apache server, there are two main ways to force it to load over HTTPS instead of HTTP: either by editing the main Apache config files or by using a .htaccess file. For most of us, especially if you’re on shared hosting, the .htaccess method is the easier and … Read more
If you want to force HTTPS redirection in Apache, the best practice is to set it up directly in the Apache main configuration or virtual host files. This approach is faster and more efficient than .htaccess because Apache parses these files once at startup rather than on every request. Why Redirect HTTP to HTTPS in … Read more
Introduction I am a PHP developer. I use Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP to further that goal. This video/article will show how to create a self signed SSL on a test virtual machine running on a private IP with a non-routable domain name with the Top Level Domain (TLD) of .internal. I only use self … Read more
To reset the MySQL root password on Ubuntu 24.04, follow these steps. This works for MySQL 8.x as installed via the default Ubuntu repositories. 1) Stop MySQL service sudo systemctl stop mysql 2) Create the mysqld directory We need to create the mysql directory because systemctl removes the mysqld directry and it’s contents when MySQL … Read more
To view Apache 2 logs on Ubuntu, you can look in the /var/log/apache2 directory. Here are the common log files you’ll want to check: Access Logs These logs contain information about requests that come to the Apache server. This log can contain client IP, requested URL, response status, and more. Path: /var/log/apache2/access.log View: sudo tail … Read more
In Ubuntu Linux, logs are typically stored in the “/var/log/” directory. These logs can provide insights into system events, errors, and other important information. Here are some of the key log files and their uses: auth.log /var/log/auth.log: This log contains authentication-related events, such as login attempts and sudo commands. To view: sudo less /var/log/auth.log dmesg.log … Read more
Introduction The Apache web server, serves content from a server to a browser. Apache is widely used on the the web. In this article I will cover most, if not all, of the Apache commands you will need to know. Start Apache Service sudo systemctl start apache2 # For Debian-based systems (Ubuntu) sudo systemctl start … Read more
Introduction This article is an introduction to many Linux command line commands. Each command has one or more arguments which I did not include. This is not a comprehensive list, however this list will get you well on your way. Here are some fundamental Linux commands that are essential for everyday use: File and Directory … Read more
Introduction In this article and associated video, we will cover Linux file and directory ownership and permissions. Every file and directory on a Linux system is associated with an owner and a group. This is how the system identifies who has control over the files and directories and who is part of the group that … Read more